Journal: Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences

Article Title: Camel urine as a potential source of bioactive molecules showing their efficacy against pathogens: A systematic review

doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103966

Figure Lengend Snippet: Data extraction table.

Article Snippet: Saudi Arabia & Egypt , 150 mg/g of PMF from the powdered PM 701 of CU. , Not mentioned , * Vero cells in a tissue culture flask that have been pre- cultivated were inoculated with sterile vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) (which are a type of cell line that originated from the kidney tissue of an African green monkey). * Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HpeG2 cell line (ATCC- HB-8065) were used to assess the cytotoxicity of PMF. , * PMF concentrations were prepared in Eagle’s Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM) to obtain 60, 30, 15 μg/ml. * Tissue culture plates of 96 wells were cultured by 10 5 Vero cells/ml. * 100 μl of PMF were added to each well of the plates without forgetting to use untreated plate as control. * VSV was diluted ten times in EMEM, all the dilutions were added to the plates in which the incubation was carried out at 37 °C per 24 h before and after the addition of VSV. , * The antiviral activity is due to the lysozyme enzyme present in CU. *CU may disrupt the structure of viral epitopes, preventing the virus from binding to cell receptors. It was determined that the PMF's chemical structure could disrupt the integration of viral epitopes, which in turn influences the replication enzymes of the virus. CONCLUSION: The PMF has a significant impact on virus replication, and further research should be conducted using DNA and RNA viruses as well as those that cause cancer to optimize its potential as a fast-acting antiviral agent. , ( ) .

Techniques: Extraction, Diffusion-based Assay, Concentration Assay, Bacteria, Generated, Activity Assay, Isolation, Infection, Saline, Comparison, In Vivo, Incubation, Sterility, Virus, Cell Culture, Control, Binding Assay, Negative Control, Positive Control, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Permeability, Centrifugation, Amplification, Blocking Assay